Everything You Need to Know About Nairobi Fly

The Nairobi fly is a common pest found in East Africa, particularly in Kenya, where it poses a threat to both human comfort and health. Though small, this fly can cause discomfort and irritation due to its venomous secretion. This article provides a detailed look at the Nairobi fly, including its description, types, what attracts it, how to get rid of it naturally, and the pest control methods commonly used to manage its presence.

Description of Nairobi Fly

Scientific Name:

The Nairobi fly is scientifically known as Paederus sabaeus. It is a member of the Staphylinidae family and is known for its distinct appearance and toxic properties.

Physical Features

Size: Typically 8-10 mm in length.
Color: The adult Nairobi fly is bright red with a black head and thorax, making it quite noticeable.
Body Shape: It has an elongated, narrow body and long legs, resembling a typical beetle.
Wings: While it has wings, the Nairobi fly does not fly much but rather scurries around quickly.

Venomous Secretion

Nairobi flies are notorious for their defensive behavior. When threatened, they secrete a toxic substance from their body, which can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions upon contact. This secretion is toxic, and when the fly is crushed, it can lead to more severe effects.

Types of Nairobi Flies

There are several species of the Paederus genus, but in the context of Nairobi, Paederus sabaeus is the most commonly encountered species. It is important to note that there are other types of flies in the Paederus family that exhibit similar toxic behavior, but Paederus sabaeus is the most notorious for its direct interaction with humans in urban and rural areas.

What Attracts Nairobi Flies?

Environmental Factors

Warm and Humid Conditions: Nairobi flies thrive in warm, humid environments, which is why they are common during the rainy season.
Overripe Fruit and Waste: Like many flies, Nairobi flies are attracted to organic materials like rotting fruits, garbage, and decaying matter.
Light: Nairobi flies are attracted to bright lights, which is why they often invade homes and buildings, particularly during the evening when lights are on.

Urban and Rural Areas

Nairobi flies are often found in gardens, forests, and areas with dense vegetation. In urban areas, they are attracted to residential spaces, especially if the environment offers food waste, moisture, or warmth.

How to Get Rid of Nairobi Flies Naturally

1. Clean and Maintain Your Environment

Regular cleaning and removing organic waste from your home or surrounding areas is the best way to prevent the attraction of Nairobi flies.

Dispose of Garbage: Ensure that garbage bins are tightly closed and regularly emptied to prevent flies from feeding on waste.
Clear Overripe Fruit: Remove any overripe fruits or food scraps from your garden or home.
Seal Cracks and Gaps: Seal any cracks, gaps, or entry points in doors and windows to keep Nairobi flies from entering your home.

2. Natural Repellents

There are several natural substances that can help deter Nairobi flies:

Citrus Oils: Nairobi flies dislike the smell of citrus. You can use citrus-based sprays or oils to keep them at bay.
Garlic or Neem: Both garlic and neem are natural insect repellents. You can crush garlic or mix neem oil with water and use it as a spray around the house.
Essential Oils: Lavender, eucalyptus, and peppermint oils are effective at repelling insects. Diffusing or spraying these oils can help deter Nairobi flies from your home.

3. Light Control

Since Nairobi flies are attracted to light, reduce their attraction by:

Switching off Lights: Turn off lights when they are not in use, particularly during the evening hours.
Use Yellow Light Bulbs: Insects are less attracted to yellow lights compared to bright white lights.

4. Natural Traps

Set up simple traps using sugar water or vinegar to attract the flies and then catch them. A shallow container with a mixture of sugar water or vinegar can lure them in, but they won’t be able to escape.

Pest Control Methods for Nairobi Flies

While natural remedies can be effective in managing Nairobi flies, professional pest control services may be necessary for larger infestations or persistent problems. Here are some methods pest control companies use:

1. Insecticides

Insecticides are often used to deal with Nairobi fly infestations. Commonly used insecticides contain pyrethroids, which are safe for humans and pets when applied properly. These can be sprayed around windows, doors, and other entry points.

2. Chemical Treatments

For larger infestations, pest control companies may use more potent chemical treatments. These chemicals can be applied to outdoor areas where Nairobi flies breed, as well as to the interior of buildings if necessary.

3. Traps and Baits

Pest control companies may also use traps to attract and capture Nairobi flies. These traps often contain a sugary or fermented substance to lure the flies. Once inside, they cannot escape.

4. Exclusion Techniques

This involves sealing potential entry points to prevent flies from entering the building in the first place. Professional pest control services can help with identifying and sealing cracks, gaps, and other openings.

Precautions and First Aid for Nairobi Fly Bites

If you happen to be in close contact with a Nairobi fly, especially if it is crushed or squashed, you may experience skin irritation or a rash. Here’s what you can do:

Wash the Area: Immediately wash the affected area with soap and water.
Apply a Cold Compress: To reduce swelling and irritation, apply a cold compress to the affected skin.
Use Anti-itch Cream: Over-the-counter anti-itch creams or hydrocortisone can help soothe the irritation.
Seek Medical Help: In severe cases, if there is an allergic reaction or extensive skin damage, seek medical attention.

The Nairobi fly, though small, is a significant pest in tropical regions, especially in East Africa. Its venomous secretion can cause discomfort, making it crucial to understand how to manage and control these flies effectively. By maintaining a clean environment, using natural repellents, and utilizing professional pest control methods, you can significantly reduce the risk of encountering these pests. Always take precautions to avoid handling them directly to prevent skin irritation or allergic reactions